Home sleep apnea tests (HSATs) are increasingly common for OSA diagnosis. Home sleep study is convenient and cheaper than in-lab but has limitations. This guide covers what to expect.
How HSAT works
Patient receives device through:
- Sleep clinic
- Mail-order programs
- Insurance-coordinated testing
Sleep one or more nights with device. Return for analysis.
What the device measures
Typical HSAT measures:
- Airflow (nasal cannula)
- Breathing effort (chest belt)
- Oxygen saturation (finger probe)
- Heart rate
- Body position
Some advanced devices add additional channels.
What to expect
- Pickup or delivery of device
- Brief training (in person or video)
- Apply device before bed
- Sleep normally
- Remove in morning
- Return device
- Results in 1-2 weeks
Tips for accurate results
- Sleep on back if possible (most apnea events)
- Avoid alcohol that night
- Don’t take sleep medications first time
- Try to sleep most of the night
- Apply equipment correctly
Limitations
- No EEG — can’t measure actual sleep time
- Can’t diagnose other sleep disorders
- Underestimates AHI sometimes
- Equipment failure rates higher than in-lab
- Multiple nights sometimes needed
Cost
$200-800 typically. Insurance often covers, sometimes preferring HSAT before in-lab.
Frequently Asked Questions
How accurate is home sleep testing?
Good for diagnosing significant OSA. Less reliable for mild OSA or other sleep disorders.
What if my home test is negative but I still have symptoms?
Discuss with sleep specialist. May need in-lab study.
Can I rent a home sleep test?
Yes through various services. Insurance coverage varies.
How many nights do I need?
Usually one. Sometimes 2-3 for accuracy.
Will the equipment keep me awake?
Most patients sleep adequately. Some find unfamiliar equipment disruptive.
The bottom line on home sleep studies
Convenient and effective for OSA diagnosis in appropriate patients. Limitations exist. Discuss with sleep specialist.